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Modification of the activated sludge model for chemical dosage

Shuai MA,Siyu ZENG,Xin DONG,Jining CHEN,Gustaf OLSSON

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 694-701 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0732-3

摘要： Full-scale experiments have been carried out to adapt the activated sludge model ASM2d to include the influence of metal dosage (Fe and Al ) for phosphorus removal. Phosphorus removal rates, nitrification rates, as well as pH and sludge settling performance, were evaluated as functions of the metal dosages. Furthermore, models relating certain parameters to the dosage of chemicals have been derived. Corresponding parameters in the ASM2d and the secondary settler models, included in the Benchmark Simulation Model No 1 (BSM1), have been modified to take the metal influence into consideration. Based on the effluent limits and penalty policy of China, an equivalent evaluation method was derived for the total cost assessment. A large number of 300-day steady-state and 14-day open-loop dynamic simulations were performed to demonstrate the difference in behavior between the original and the modified BSM1. The results show that 1) both in low and high mole concentrations, Fe addition results in a higher phosphorus removal rate than Al ; 2) the sludge settling velocity will increase due to the metal addition; 3) the respiration rate of the activated sludge is decreased more by the dosage of Al than Fe ; 4) the inhibition of Al on the nitrification rate is stronger than that of Fe ; 5) the total operating cost will reach the minimum point for smaller dosages of Fe , but always increase with Al addition.

关键词： chemical precipitation     benchmark simulation model     phosphorus removal     respiratory rate     sludge settling     activated sludge model    

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patients at high risk of OSAS using the Berlin Questionnaire to detect potential high risk of adverse respiratory

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 189-195 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0533-8

摘要：

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) increases the risk of post-surgery complications. This study uses Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) to identify Chinese adult surgical patients who are at a high risk of OSAS and to determine if the BQ could be used to detect potential high risk of adverse respiratory events in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU). Results indicated that only 11.4% of the patients were considered at a high risk of OSAS. Age and body mass index are the key factors for the risk of OSAS prevalence in China and also gender specific. Furthermore, the incidence of adverse respiratory events in the PACU was higher in patients with high risk of OSAS than others (6.8% vs. 0.9%, <0.001). They also stayed longer than others in the PACU (95±28 min vs. 62±19 min, <0.001). Age, high risk for OSAS, and smoking were independent risk factors for the occurrence of adverse respiratory events in the PACU. The BQ may be adopted as a screening tool for anesthesiologists in China to identify patients who are at high risk of OSAS and determine the potential risk of developing postoperative respiratory complications in the PACU.

关键词： obstructive sleep apnea     Berlin Questionnaire     Chinese surgical patients     adverse respiratory event    

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A pilot study on Paxlovid therapy for hemodialysis patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1011-0

摘要： We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) therapy for hemodialysis-dependent patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Thirteen hemodialysis patients infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 from April 3 to May 30, 2022, were recruited. Laboratory parameters and chest CT (computed tomography) imaging were analyzed. The treatment group included six patients who received 150 mg/100 mg of Paxlovid orally once daily for 5 days, whereas the control group included seven patients who received basic treatment. No serious adverse reactions or safety events were recorded. Four control patients progressed to moderate disease, and none in the treatment group showed progression of chest CT findings (P < 0.05). Paxlovid therapy tended toward early viral clearance and low viral load on Day 8. Moreover, 83.3% of the patients in the treatment group and 57.1% of the patients in the control group turned negative within 22 days. In the Paxlovid treatment group, we found significantly increased levels of lymphocytes (P=0.03) and eosinophils (P=0.02) and decreased levels of D-dimer on Day 8 compared with those on Day 1. Paxlovid therapy showed a potential therapeutic effect with good tolerance in hemodialysis patients. The optimal dose and effectiveness evaluation must be further investigated in a largeer cohort.

关键词： Paxlovid     hemodialysis     SARS-CoV-2     viral load     chest CT scan    

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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 111-119 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0446-y

摘要：

The emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 brought back memories of the occurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002. More than 1500 MERS-CoV cases were recorded in 42 months with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 40%. Meanwhile, 8000 cases of SARS-CoV were confirmed in six months with a CFR of 10%. The clinical presentation of MERS-CoV ranges from mild and non-specific presentation to progressive and severe pneumonia. No predictive signs or symptoms exist to differentiate MERS-CoV from community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients. An apparent heterogeneity was observed in transmission. Most MERS-CoV cases were secondary to large outbreaks in healthcare settings. These cases were secondary to community-acquired cases, which may also cause family outbreaks. Travel-associated MERS infection remains low. However, the virus exhibited a clear tendency to cause large outbreaks outside the Arabian Peninsula as exemplified by the outbreak in the Republic of Korea. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about MERS-CoV and highlight travel-related issues.

关键词： coronavirus     MERS     Middle East respiratory syndrome    

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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in pediatrics: a report of seven cases from Saudi Arabia

Sarah H. Alfaraj, Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Talal A. Altuwaijri, Ziad A. Memish

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 126-130 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0603-y

摘要： Infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in 2012 as an important respiratory disease with high fatality rates of 40%–60%. Despite the increased number of cases over subsequent years, the number of pediatric cases remained low. A review of studies conducted from June 2012 to April 19, 2016 reported 31 pediatric MERS-CoV cases. In this paper, we present the clinical and laboratory features of seven patients with pediatric MERS. Five patients had no underlying medical illnesses, and three patients were asymptomatic. Of the seven cases, four (57%) patients sought medical advice within 1–7 days from the onset of symptoms. The three other patients (43%) were asymptomatic and were in contact with patients with confirmed diagnosis of MERS-CoV. The most common presenting symptoms were fever (57%), cough (14%), shortness of breath (14%), vomiting (28%), and diarrhea (28%). Two (28.6%) patients had platelet counts of<150 × 10 /L, and one patient had an underlying end-stage renal disease. The remaining patients presented with normal blood count, liver function, and urea and creatinine levels. The documented MERS-CoV Ct values were 32–38 for four of the seven cases. Two patients (28.6%) had abnormal chest radiographic findings of bilateral infiltration. One patient (14.3%) required ventilator support, and two patients (28.6%) required oxygen supplementation. All the seven patients were discharged without complications.

关键词： Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus     MERS-CoV     pregnancy     pediatrics    

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Early and marked up-regulation of TNF-α in acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardiopulmonary

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 296-301 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0219-1

摘要：

Despite the technique of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) improved the development of modern cardiac surgery, many factors during CPB have been reported to induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The present study was to investigate which pro-inflammatory factors involved in the early phase of ARDS. Ten patients underwent valve replacement surgery with or without ARDS were enrolled for analysis of pulmonary function and inflammatory factors release including white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils, CD11b, CD18, interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The results demonstrated that the ratio of arterial oxygen tension/fraction of inspire oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) was greatly reduced in ARDS patients, but only the release of TNF-α was significantly increased, which was reversely correlated to the values of PaO2/FiO2. Also, the count of neutrophils adhesive to pulmonary endothelial cells was significantly increased in ARDS patients. Therefore, we concluded that TNF-α was quickly up-regulated and involved in the pathogenesis of CPB-induced ARDS via guiding primed neutrophils to pulmonary interstitium.

关键词： tumor necrosis factor-α     cardiopulmonary bypass     inflammation     acute respiratory distress syndrome    

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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a comprehensive review

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 120-136 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0430-6

摘要：

The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus was first identified in 2012 and has since then remained uncontrolled. Cases have been mostly reported in the Middle East, however travel-associated cases and outbreaks have also occurred. Nosocomial and zoonotic transmission of the virus appear to be the most important routes. The infection is severe and highly fatal thus necessitating rapid and efficacious interventions. Here, we performed a comprehensive review of published literature and summarized the epidemiology of the virus. In addition, we summarized the virological aspects of the infection and reviewed the animal models used as well as vaccination and antiviral tested against it.

关键词： MERS     coronavirus     review    

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Characterization of polyclonal antibodies against nonstructural protein 9 from the porcine reproductive and respiratory

Mengmeng ZHAO,Juanjuan QIAN,Jiexiong XIE,Tiantian CUI,Songling FENG,Guoqiang WANG,Ruining WANG,Guihong ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第2期   页码 153-160 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016097

摘要： Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is considered to be one of the most important infectious diseases impacting the swine industry and is characterized by reproductive failure in late term gestation in sows and respiratory disease in pigs of all ages. The nonstructural protein 9 gene, , encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, is generally regarded as fairly conserved when compared to other viral proteins. Antibodies against 9 will be of great importance for the diagnosis and treatment of the causal agent, PRRS virus. A study was undertaken to generate polyclonal antibodies against the immunodominant 9. For this purpose, the 9 was expressed in and subsequently used as an antigen to immunize New Zealand rabbits. Antiserum was identified via an indirect ELISA, and then verified based on the ability to react with both naturally and artificially expressed 9. Results of virus neutralization test showed that this antiserum could not neutralize the PRRSV. Nevertheless, this antiserum as a diagnostic core reagent should prove invaluable for further investigations into the mechanism of PRRS pathogenesis.

关键词： PRRSV     Nsp9     expression     antibody     neutralize    

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Mouth the mirror of lungs: where does the connection lie?

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 405-409 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0476-5

摘要：

Periodontitis is the chronic destructive disease of the periodontium (Gums) caused by host bacterial interactions. The effect of such host bacterial interactions in oral cavity also evokes a systemic response. Numerous studies have found common mechanisms of destruction for periodontal diseases and other chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, respiratory diseases, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Oral colonization by respiratory pathogens appears to be a risk factor for development of respiratory diseases and oral interventions aimed at reducing oral bacterial count have resulted in reduced incidence of these reparatory illness. This reflects the importance of oral hygiene among patients with respiratory illness. This review highlights the association between periodontal diseases and respiratory diseases.

关键词： periodontitis     respiratory diseases     acute pneumonia     COPD    

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The combined effects of biomass and temperature on maximum specific ammonia oxidation rate in domestic

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1411-9

摘要：

• Actual SAORs was determined using MLVSS and temperature.

关键词： Specific ammonia oxidation rate     Sequencing batch reactor     Biomass     Temperature coefficient     Model simulation    

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Use of float consumption rate in resource leveling of construction projects

Atilla DAMCI, Gul POLAT, Firat Dogu AKIN, Harun TURKOGLU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 135-147 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0118-0

摘要： The management of resources has been claimed to be as important as scheduling methods. Inefficiency in managing resources may bring about severe delays and cost overruns caused by resource shortages in some cases and/or idle resources in others. Therefore, resources should be utilized efficiently to prevent project failures. Resource leveling is one of the approaches that are used for the management of resources. It aims to minimize fluctuations, peaks, and valleys in resource utilization without changing the completion time of a project and the number of resources required. Although the main principle behind traditional resource leveling is achieving an even flow of resources while the original project duration remains unchanged, the literature supports the need to develop an efficient model that discriminates among the activities that are selected for participation in resource leveling. For this purpose, this study has developed a model that considers the float consumption rates of activities in resource leveling. The float consumption rate is the percentage that is set to determine the maximum amount of float which will be consumed to shift the start time of the activity. The proposed model allows a scheduler to assign float consumption rates to each activity that can be used during the resource leveling procedure. When the required information is inputted, the proposed model automatically changes the required daily resources as it shifts the noncritical activities along their available total float times. The proposed model is expected to minimize the likelihood of severe delays and cost overruns. The model is demonstrated by constructing a network and its resource utilization histograms.

关键词： resource management     resource leveling     float consumption rate     scheduling    

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Serologic study on the outbreak of acute upper respiratory tract infections caused by adenovirus 3

JIANG Lufang, JU Liwen, LIN Yuzun, ZHOU Liandi, YU Shunzhang, JIANG Qingwu, JIANG Renjie

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 215-218 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0041-3

摘要： From April to June, 2004, an outbreak of acute upper respiratory tract infections (AURTI) occurred in the north area of Jiangsu Province, China. Twenty throat swabs were collected with 13 of them presenting an adenovirus (Ad)-like cytopathogenic effect on HEp-2. These were verified as Ad by the electron microscope, direct immunofluorescence assay and Ad primer-mediated PCR. Moreover, they were identified as adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) by type-specific PCR and sequencing of the amplification products. Subsequent serologic studies were carried out to finally diagnose and document the outbreak. The neutralization test of paired serum of six in nine cases show obviously increased antibodies titers. The positive rate of IgM, IgG and recovery phase neutralization antibodies of the cases were 3.7%, 44.4% and 59.5% respectively while those of the controls were 0%, 8.3% and 33.3% respectively. The values of Chi-Square were 0.510, 0.018 and 0.226 respectively. The concordance between IgG detected by ELISA and neutralization anti bodies detected by the neutralization test was 61.4% and the value of Kappa was 0.070. By the serologic study, we can definitively diagnose that this outbreak of acute respiratory infections was caused by Adenovirus 3.

关键词： Twenty     Adenovirus     cytopathogenic     type-specific     AURTI    

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porcine sialoadhesin V-set Ig-like domain sheds some light on its role in porcine reproductive and respiratory

Jie HOU,Rui LI,Hongfang MA,Songlin QIAO,Gaiping ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第1期   页码 65-71 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016086

摘要： Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is characterized by reproductive failures in sows and respiratory diseases in pigs of all ages. PRRS virus (PRRSV) is its causative agent and has caused huge economic losses in the swine industry. Porcine sialoadhesin (pSn) is a putative receptor of PRRSV. Previous studies have shown that a pSn V-set Ig-like domain is significant in PRRSV infection. However, its structural details are not fully known, hindering our deep understanding of PRRSV infection. In this study, we successfully cloned, expressed and purified the pSn V-set Ig-like domain in S2 cells. Then we tried to crystallize the target protein and predicted its structure. This will establish the foundation for the further structural study of pSn, deepen our understanding of the invasion mechanism of PRRSV, and support the structural information for the development of clinical drugs and vaccines against PRRSV.

关键词： PRRSV     porcine sialoadhesin     V-set Ig-like domain     Drosophila S2 cell     crystallization    

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Effect of loading rate on shear strength parameters of mechanically and biologically treated waste

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1595-7

摘要：

● Mechanical behavior of MBT waste affected by loading rate was investigated.

关键词： Mechanically and biologically treated waste     Landfill     Triaxial test     Loading rate     Axial strain     Shear strength parameter    

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Size-controllable synthesis of monodispersed nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres from polydopamine for high-rate

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第11期   页码 1788-1800 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2326-8

摘要： Monodispersed nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres with tunable particle size (100–230 nm) were synthesized via self-polymerization of biochemical dopamine in the presence of hexamethylenetetramine as a buffer and F127 as a size controlling agent. Hexamethylenetetramine can mildly release NH3, which in turn initiates the polymerization reaction of dopamine. The carbon nanospheres obtained exhibited a significant energy storage capability of 265 F·g–1 at 0.5 A·g–1 and high-rate performance of 82% in 6 mol·L–1 KOH (20 A·g–1), which could be attributed to the presence of abundant micro-mesoporous structure, doped nitrogen functional groups and the small particle size. Moreover, the fabricated symmetric supercapacitor device displayed a high stability of 94% after 5000 cycles, revealing the considerable potential of carbon nanospheres as electrode materials for energy storage.

关键词： carbon nanospheres     size-controlled     nitrogen-doped     high-rate     supercapacitors    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Modification of the activated sludge model for chemical dosage

Shuai MA,Siyu ZENG,Xin DONG,Jining CHEN,Gustaf OLSSON

期刊论文

patients at high risk of OSAS using the Berlin Questionnaire to detect potential high risk of adverse respiratory

null

期刊论文

A pilot study on Paxlovid therapy for hemodialysis patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

期刊论文

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns

null

期刊论文

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in pediatrics: a report of seven cases from Saudi Arabia

Sarah H. Alfaraj, Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Talal A. Altuwaijri, Ziad A. Memish

期刊论文

Early and marked up-regulation of TNF-α in acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardiopulmonary

null

期刊论文

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a comprehensive review

null

期刊论文

Characterization of polyclonal antibodies against nonstructural protein 9 from the porcine reproductive and respiratory

Mengmeng ZHAO,Juanjuan QIAN,Jiexiong XIE,Tiantian CUI,Songling FENG,Guoqiang WANG,Ruining WANG,Guihong ZHANG

期刊论文

Mouth the mirror of lungs: where does the connection lie?

null

期刊论文

The combined effects of biomass and temperature on maximum specific ammonia oxidation rate in domestic

期刊论文

Use of float consumption rate in resource leveling of construction projects

Atilla DAMCI, Gul POLAT, Firat Dogu AKIN, Harun TURKOGLU

期刊论文

Serologic study on the outbreak of acute upper respiratory tract infections caused by adenovirus 3

JIANG Lufang, JU Liwen, LIN Yuzun, ZHOU Liandi, YU Shunzhang, JIANG Qingwu, JIANG Renjie

期刊论文

porcine sialoadhesin V-set Ig-like domain sheds some light on its role in porcine reproductive and respiratory

Jie HOU,Rui LI,Hongfang MA,Songlin QIAO,Gaiping ZHANG

期刊论文

Effect of loading rate on shear strength parameters of mechanically and biologically treated waste

期刊论文

Size-controllable synthesis of monodispersed nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres from polydopamine for high-rate

期刊论文